Subodh Bhattarai (English & Communication Notes - BBA/BBS/BBBS/BHM/BIM/BMS/MBA/MBS & +2)

DEFINITION ESSAY Please click HERE to watch summary of DEFINITION Look at any dictionary, and you will notice that all definitions have a standard three-part structure. First, they present the term to be defined, then the general class it is a part of, and finally the qualities that differentiate it from the other terms in the same class. A definition tells what a term means and how it differs from other terms in its class. Most people think of definition in terms of print or online dictionaries, which give brief, succinct explanations — called formal definitions — of what words mean. But definition also includes explaining what something, or even someone, is — that is, its essential nature. Sometimes a definition requires a paragraph, an essay, or even a whole book. These longer, more complex definitions are called extended definitions.

  CIVIL PEACE Chinua Achebe   Please click YouTube link below to watch a summary of Civil Peace: YouTube - Dakshya Online - Summary of Civil Peace Chinua Achebe /t∫inwa: at∫Ebei/ (1920-2013) was a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic. His first novel  Things Fall Apart  (1958) is the most widely read book in modern African literature.  The story  'Civil Peace'  (1971) is set in the outcome of the Nigerian Civil War. It is about the effects of the Nigerian Civil War on the people, and the “civil peace” that followed. Nigeria became an independent nation from the British colony in 1960. The Nigerian Civil War began in 1967 when the Igbo tried to separate from Nigeria to form the independent Republic of Biafra. After enduring three years of bloody battles, the Ibo were forced to surrender in 1970, ending the war. Biafrans suffered a severe famine due to the effect of war. Nearly a million people died of starvation.  Characters: Jonathan Iwe...

Please click  YouTube link below to see/read Summary of Comparison and Contrast Essay: 9. Comparison and Contrast (Dakshya Online) TWO WAYS TO BELONG IN AMERICA   Bharati Mukharjee   Born in 1940 in Calcutta, India, novelist Bharati Mukherjee immigrated to the United States in 1961 and earned an M.F.A. and a Ph.D. in literature. Now a naturalized U.S. citizen, she teaches at the University of California at Berkeley. Her fiction often explores the tensions between the traditional role of women in Indian society and their very different role in the United States.  “ Two ways to belong in America”  first appeared in the New York Times. It was written to address a movement in Congress to take away government benefits from resident aliens (foreigners). This is about the issues that confront all immigrants in America.    In America, it is a common misconception that all foreigners are similar; it is believed that they all have similar dreams and each o...

THE WISH Roald Dahl  (1916-1990) was a British poet, novelist, short story writer, screenwriter and war time fighter. He was born in Wales of Norwegian immigrant parents. He spent his childhood in England and, at the age of eighteen, went to work for the Shell Oil Company in Africa. When the World War II broke out, he joined the Royal Air Force and became a fighter pilot.  The story  'The Wish'  is about a young boy and his imaginative game of carpet. He fantasies that his carpet is alive with snakes and fire. Using imagery and metaphor, Dahl uses the character of a curiously imaginative young boy to help us reflect on the delicacy of our childhood innocence. This story goes inside the mind of a young child to explore his imagination. This is about a  young boy  who had a  frightening event in his childhood .  SUMMARY :   This story is completely based on the imagination of the main character who is a child. This story has presented imaginati...

Please Click HERE to Get Summary of Cause and Effect The Case against Air Conditioning Stan Cox S tan Cox was born in 1955. Most of his writings are about sustainability, ecology and agriculture. He obtained his Ph.D. from Iowa State University. He works as a geneticist for the U.S Department of Agriculture.   The essay  The Case against Air Conditioning  by Stan Cox talks about Washington D.C. in particular and to the whole world in general. This essay talks about why Washington/America should stop using air conditioners in everyday life with the exception of hospitals, archives (stores), and cooling centres. The author supports his argument by providing examples of what Washington would like without air conditioners at work, at home, and around town.   Stan Cox wants us not to use A.C. unnecessarily or eliminate it completely. He urges that eliminating A.C. makes neighbourhoods have more socializing, laws laxer (softer), and it will lessen the climate change issues...

  THE HIDDEN LIFE OF GARBAGE Heather Rogers Journalist Heather Rogers has written articles on the environmental effects of mass production and consumption for the  New York Times Magazine,  the  Utne Reader, Architecture,  and a variety of other publications.    Her 2002 documentary film  Gone Tomorrow: The Hidden Life of Garbage  has been screened at festivals around the world and served as the basis for a book of the same title. Named an Editor’s Choice by the  New York Times  and the  Guardian,  the book, published in 2005, traces the history and politics of household garbage in the United States, drawing connections between modern industrial production, consumer culture, and our contemporary throwaway lifestyle. Americans produce the most waste of any people on Earth, says Rogers, but few of us ever think about where all that trash goes. Rogers endeavours to show the inner workings of the waste stream, from the garbage...

RICE Jhumpa Lahiri Jhumpa Lahiri was born in London in 1967. Later her family moved to the United States, where she attended Barnard College and received multiple graduate degrees, including a Ph.D. in Renaissance studies from Boston University.    Lahiri has won several literary awards, including a Pulitzer Prize and a PEN/Hemingway Award. Her fiction often explores Indian and Indian-American life and culture — as does this personal essay, which originally appeared in the  New Yorker  magazine.    Along with corn and wheat, rice remains one of the most important crops in the world, especially in Asia, where it has been cultivated for thousands of years. Rice accounts for between 35 percent and 85 percent of the calories consumed by billions of people living in India, China, and other Asian countries.    The ancient Indian word for rice (“dhanya”) means “sustainer of the human race.” Rice can be symbolic as well: we throw rice at weddings because ...

  GOD SEES THE TRUTH BUT WAITS Leo Tolstoy  Leo Tolstoy was a Russian writer and a master of realistic fiction.   He was born in a wealthy family in Russia. His parents died when he was a child. He was brought up by his elder brother and relatives. He studied languages and law at Kazan University for three years.  He was dissatisfied with the school and left Kazan without a degree. Then he returned to his estate and educated himself independently.  In 1848, he moved to the capital, St. Petersburg, where he passed two tests for a law degree. He took military training and became an army officer. He wrote his first novel  Childhood  (1852), which became a success. Tolstoy’s short story  “God Sees the Truth, but Waits ”   first published in 1872 is about the false conviction and imprisonment of a man for a murder he did not commit, and it takes the form of a parable for forgiveness. ABOUT THE STORY Leo N. Tolstoy's 'God Sees the Truth, But Waits,...