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SECTION 1: UNIT 9- Democracy and Human Rights - Inauguration Speech of Nelson Mandela


 UNIT 9- Democracy and Human Rights - Inauguration Speech of Nelson Mandela

  1. Find the words in the text that mean the same as the following. The first letters are given. 
    1. the system that completely separated black people from white people (apartheid)
    2. formal objection (protest)
    3. an ethnical group of people (tribe)
    4. an act undertaken to achieve a set goal (campaign)
    5. the formal beginning of any movement (inauguration)
    6. a strong feeling of excitement and happiness (exhilaration)
    7. being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions (emancipation)
  1. Find these words in a dictionary and write their meanings as they are used in the text. 
    1. liberty
      Personal freedom from servitude , confinement, or oppression
      the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behaviour, or political views
    2. conflict
      an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)
      a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one
    3. ideology
      an orientation that characterises the thinking of a group of nation
      a system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy
    4. oppression
      the state of being kept down by unjust use of force of authority
      prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or exercise of authority
    5. privilege
      a special advantage, immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all
      a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group
    6. dignity
      the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect
      the state or quality of being worthy of honour or respect
    7. surrender
      give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another
      stop resisting to an enemy or opponent and submit to their authority
    8. reconciliation
      the reestablishing of cordial relations
      the action of making one view or belief compatible with another
  1. The 'd' or 'ed' in the following verbs have different pronunciation. Put these verbs in the correct box.

|t|

|d|

|Id|

asked, missed, washed, watched, picked, fixed, walked, blessed, brushed, stopped, reached, laughed

killed, smiled

ended, decided, visited, lasted, blessed, wanted, enjoyed

  1. Put these nouns into the correct box according to the pronunciation of the plural suffix: s/es.

|s|

|z|

|Iz|

cats, books, roofs, shops

dogs, boys, rooms, girls, trees

nurses, houses, noises, pages, babies, benches, classes, horses


Grammar


Should 

Had Better

used to give advice and suggestions

(mean that you expect something to happen in the future)

used to give strong advice with bad consequences (warning)

Example, For awesome shopping experience you should visit Bhatbhateni. 

Example, If you are a smoker, you had better not smoke here, because smoking is illegal in public places.

  1. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn't. Use one of these verbs. 
    1. You have really done a wonderful job. I recommend you shouldn’t quit it. 
    2. That's a very dangerous area. Tourists shouldn’t visit there. 
    3. I'm going to be late. Do you think I should leave now? 
    4. Children shouldn’t drink sugary drinks. It's not very healthy. 
    5. I have lots of homework. I shouldn’t roam here and there today.
  1. Put in had better or should. 
    1. I think you should learn English to enrol a university course. 
    2. It's a great film. You should go and see it. 
    3. I have to meet my friend in ten minutes. I had better go now or I'll be late. 
    4. These biscuits are delicious. You should try one. 
    5. We had better get to the airport by 2 pm or else we may miss the flight. 
    6. When people are driving, they should keep their eyes on the road. 
    7. I should get up early tomorrow. I've got a lot to do.


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